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Taxon:  Lolium multiflorum Lam.



Summary
Genus:
Lolium
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Pooideae
Tribe:
Poeae
Subtribe:
Loliinae
Nomen number:
22493
Place of publication:
Fl. franç. 3:621. 1779 ("1778")
Verified:
05/08/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
167 (162  active, 153  available) in Australian Pastures Genebank.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Homotypic Synonym(s)
Lolium perenne L. subsp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husn.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Lolium gaudinii Parl., nom. inval.
Lolium italicum A. Braun, nom. inval.
Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum Wittm.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource).
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009
  3. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. Flora of Libya. 1976-
  4. Bor, N. L. The grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India, and Pakistan. 1960
  5. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt checklist. 1995
  6. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
  7. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants in Britain and their effects on animals and man. 1984
  8. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  9. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
  11. Henderson, L. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12. 2001
  12. Holm, L. et al. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979
  13. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
  14. International Seed Testing Association. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2. 1982
  15. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2004
  16. Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988
  17. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  18. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  19. Oliveira, J. A. et al. 1997. Genetic diversity of westerwold ryegrass landraces collected in northwest Spain. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 44:479-487.
  20. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  21. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  22. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  23. Silva, L. et al. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta). 2005
  24. Terrell, E. E. 1968. A taxonomic revision of the genus Lolium. Techn. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1392:10.
  25. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  26. Tzvelev, N. N. Zlaki SSSR. 1976
  27. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
  28. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource).
  29. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
  30. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Common names
English
annual ryegrass –
Italian ryegrass –
lovitto ryegrass –
Westerwold ryegrass –
Westerwolds ryegrass –
Afrikaans
Italiaanse raaigras –
French
ivraie multiflore –
ray-grass d'Italie –
German
italienisches Raygras –
welsches Weidelgras –
westerwoldisches Weidelgras –
Italian
loglio italico –
Portuguese
azevém –
Spanish
ballico italiano –
raygrás italiano –
Swedish
italienskt rajgräs –
Transcribed Chinese
duo hua hei mai cao –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalMadeira Islands 
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaSpainCanary Islands 
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaEgyptSinai 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeUkraine  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
2Cultivated     
4Naturalized     
6Other     
Native
Africa
  • MACARONESIA: Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Egypt [Sinai], Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Belarus, Ukraine
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Hungary, Slovakia
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France, Portugal
Cultivated ()
Naturalized ()
Other ()
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Animal foodfodder Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
Animal foodforage Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
Environmentalerosion control Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. 1995
Environmentallawn/turf Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. 1995
Environmentalrevegetator Alderson, J. & W. C. Sharp. Grass varieties in the United States, U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 170, rev. ed. 1995
Environmentalsoil improver University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program. UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988
Weedpotential seed contaminant CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://apg.pir.sa.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=22493. Accessed 19 July 2025.


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