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Taxon:  Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. vulgare var. vulgare (Foeniculum vulgare Bitter Fennel or Common Fennel Group)



Summary
Genus:
Foeniculum
Family:
Apiaceae (alt. Umbelliferae)
Subfamily:
Apioideae
Tribe:
Apieae
Nomen number:
209
Comment:
[or F. vulgare Bitter Fennel or Common Fennel Group]
Verified:
07/19/1996 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in Australian Pastures Genebank. 
Other conspecific taxa
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (0 active accession[s])
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. piperitum (Ucria) Cout. (0 active accession[s])
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. vulgare var. azoricum (Mill.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. vulgare var. dulce (Mill.) Batt. (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Anethum foeniculum L.
Foeniculum dulce Mill.
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  2. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  3. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. 1993
  4. Guzman, C. C. de & J. S. Siemonsma, eds. 1999. Spices. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 13:129.
  5. Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
  6. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  7. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
  8. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  9. Mansfeld, R. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. 1959
  10. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  11. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000
  12. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  13. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  14. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  15. Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. World economic plants: a standard reference (on-line edition) [medicinal plants only].
Common names
English
bitter fennel –
common fennel –
German
Butterfenchel –
wilder Fenchel –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaEgyptSinai 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIsrael  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
2Cultivated     
4Naturalized     
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Egypt [Sinai], Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Cultivated ()
Naturalized ()
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Materialsessential oils Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
Medicinesfolklore McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://apg.pir.sa.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=209. Accessed 20 July 2025.


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